Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme in terms of Knowledge regarding Medical Termination of Pregnancy among Reproductive age group women in a selected Urban Slum area, Bangalore
Dr Laishram Dabashini Devi, Thomas Liby Mariamma
College of Nursing Sciences, Dayananda Sagar University, India
*Corresponding Author E-mail: roshini999.bk@gmail.com
ABSTRACT:
The study was intended to assess the knowledge score of reproductive age group women regarding medical termination of pregnancy. An evaluative approach was used for the study. The study was carried out in a community setting. The design was quasi experimental, one group pre test, post test design. The sample comprised of 50 women. The sample was selected by purposive sampling. A structured questionnaire schedule was used to analyze the knowledge. The result revealed that the overall post test mean score was 30.32 with standard deviation 7.005 and overall mean scores 7.62 with standard deviation 8.105 and paired t value was 31.822 is higher than table value 2.02 at P<0.05 level. Hence the structured teaching programme on medical termination of pregnancy. It also revealed that there is no significant association between selected demographic variables like age, religion, education, occupation, type of family, number of children, previous knowledge and source of information in relation with pre test knowledge scores of reproductive age group at P<0.05 level.
KEYWORDS: STP, knowledge, MTP.
INTRODUCTION:
Medical termination of pregnancy refers to the termination of the pregnancy by the removal or by expulsion of embryo by a licensed physician or someone acting under the supervision of a licensed physician.1 The methods of medical termination of pregnancy are many. In the first trimester (upto 12 weeks) of pregnancy, two broad methods are used. First one is Medical-one single dose of Misetristone pills administered within 40 days of menstrual period; (within 10 days after missed period).
And the second one is Surgical. It includes Menstrual Regulation using MR Syringe (upto six weeks of pregnancy), suction and vacuum aspiration, tent evacuation with laminaria tent and dilatation and curettage.2
In the second trimester of pregnancy, only very few methods are usually adopted. They are Intra Uterine Saline Instillation, hysterectomy, intra cervical prostaglandin E2, administration and oxytocin induction.3
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:
1. To assess the pre test knowledge score of reproductive age group women regarding medical termination of pregnancy.
2. To evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching programme regarding medical termination of pregnancy.
3. To find the association between the pre-test knowledge scores with the selected demographic variables.
RESEARCH HYPOTHESES:
H1 There will be significant difference between pre test and post test knowledge scores regarding medical termination of pregnancy
H2 There will be significant association between pre test knowledge scores with selected demographic variables.
METHODOLOGY:
The research design selected for the present study was descriptive design. The data for the study will be collected using a structured questionnaire schedule on medical termination of pregnancy. Quasi experimental, one group pretest-posttest design was adopted. Study was conducted in selected urban slum area, Bangalore. The sample size of present study consisted of 50 reproductive age group women. Purposive sampling technique was adopted. The structured questionnaire tool was adopted.
RESULT:
Table 1: Frequency and Percentage Distribution N=50
|
Sl N |
Demographic variables |
Categories |
f |
(%) |
|
1. |
Age (in years) |
15-25 26-35 36-45 |
14 29 07 |
28 58 14 |
|
2. |
Religion |
Hindu Muslim Christian Others |
21 9 11 9 |
42 18 22 18 |
|
3. |
Education |
No formal education SSLC Pre university Graduate & above |
7 8 23 12 |
14 16 46 24 |
|
4. |
occupation |
Homemaker |
7 |
14 |
|
Daily wages |
17 |
34 |
||
|
Private employee |
10 |
20 |
||
|
Govt employee |
16 |
32 |
||
|
5. |
Type of family |
Joint |
20 |
40 |
|
Extended |
4 |
8 |
||
|
Nuclear |
26 |
52 |
||
|
6. |
Number of children |
1 |
10 |
20 |
|
2 |
25 |
50 |
||
|
3 |
10 |
20 |
||
|
More than 3 |
5 |
10 |
||
|
7. |
Previous knowledge about MTP |
Yes |
15 |
30 |
|
No |
35 |
70 |
||
|
8. |
Source of knowledge about MTP |
Family member |
3 |
20 |
|
Friends |
3 |
20 |
||
|
Electronic media |
2 |
13.3 |
||
|
Print media |
0 |
0 |
||
|
Health personnel |
7 |
46.7 |
Table indicated the distribution of respondents by age where, majority of the respondents i.e. 29(58%) belong to age group 26-35 years,14(28%) in the age group 15-25 years, 7(14%) were 36-45 years, for religion, 21(42%) are hindu,11(22%) are Christian and 9(18%) were Muslim and 9(18%) were belonged to other religion, for educational status, 23(46%) have completed pre university, 12(24%) were graduate and above, 8(16%) had SSLC and 7(14%) had not received even formal education. In regards to occupation, 17(34%) were daily wages, 16 (32%) are government employee, 10 (20%) were private employee and 7(14%) were homemaker. For type of family, 26(52%) belonged to nuclear family, 20(40%) were from joint family and 4(8%) were from extended family, having the number of children, 25(50%) had 2 child, 10(20%) had 1 child and 10(20%) had 3 The above table revealed that majority 40 (80%) of them had adequate, the rest 10(20%) were moderate and none were inadequate knowledge.
Children and 5(10%) had more than 3 children. In regard to previous knowledge, 35(70%) had no previous knowledge and 15(30%) had previous knowledge. For source of knowledge, 7(46.7%) received from health personnel, 3(20%) from family member, 32(20%) from friends and 2(13.3%) from electronic media.
SECTION-2: Assessment of level of pre test knowledge on MTP
|
S. No |
Level of knowledge |
Respondents |
|
|
f |
% |
||
|
1 |
Inadequate (<50%) |
49 |
98 |
|
2 |
Moderately adequate (50-75%) |
1 |
2 |
|
3 |
Adequate (>75%) |
0 |
0 |
|
4 |
Over all |
50 |
100 |
The above table revealed that majority 49(98%) of them had inadequate, the rest 1(2%) were moderate and none had adequate knowledge
SECTION-3: Assessment of level of post test knowledge on MTP
|
Sno |
Level of knowledge |
Respondents |
|
|
f |
% |
||
|
1 |
Inadequate (<50%) |
0 |
0 |
|
2 |
Moderately adequate (50-75%) |
10 |
20 |
|
3 |
Adequate (>75%) |
40 |
80 |
|
4 |
Over all |
50 |
100 |
Section 4: Comparison between the pre-test and post-test knowledge level regarding MTP
|
Analysis of knowledge score |
Pre-test score |
Post-test score |
t-value
|
Inference |
||
|
Mean |
SD |
Mean |
SD |
|||
|
OVERALL |
7.26 |
8.105 |
30.32 |
7.005 |
31.822 |
S |
HS: Statistically significant at P<0.05
Table showed the comparison between pre test and post test knowledge scores. The t value is 31.822 at 5% level of significance which is greater than the table value. Hence the hypothesis H1 - There will be significant differences between pre-test and post-test knowledge scores regarding MTP were accepted.
SECTION – 4: Association between pre test and post test knowledge scores with selected demographic variables of the respondents.
|
Demographic variable |
Categories |
Pre test knowledge score |
Chi-square value |
df |
P-Value |
Inference |
|||
|
Inadequate |
Moderate |
||||||||
|
f |
% |
f |
% |
||||||
|
Age (in years) |
· 15-25 · 26-35 · 36-45 |
14 29 07 |
28 58 14 |
0
|
0 |
0.739 |
2 |
>0.05 |
NS |
|
Religion |
· Hindu · Muslim · Christian · Others |
21 9 11 9 |
42 18 22 18 |
1 |
2 |
3.869 |
3 |
>0.05 |
NS |
|
Education |
No formal education · SSLC · Pre university · Graduate & above |
7 8 23 12 |
14 16 46 24 |
0 |
0 |
0.994 |
3 |
>0.05 |
NS |
|
occupation |
Homemaker |
7 |
14 |
1 |
2 |
1.981
|
3
|
>0.05
|
NS
|
|
Daily wages |
17 |
34 |
|
|
|||||
|
Private employee |
10 |
20 |
|
|
|||||
|
Govt employee |
16 |
32 |
|
|
|||||
|
Type of family |
Joint |
20 |
40 |
1 |
2 |
0.942 |
2 |
>0.05 |
NS |
|
Extended |
4 |
8 |
|
|
0.439 |
1 |
>0.05 |
NS |
|
|
Nuclear |
26 |
52 |
|
|
|||||
|
Number of children |
1 |
10 |
20 |
0 |
0 |
1.020 |
3 |
>0.05 |
NS |
|
2 |
25 |
50 |
|
|
|||||
|
3 |
10 |
20 |
|
|
|||||
|
More than 3 |
5 |
10 |
|
|
|||||
|
Previous knowledge about MTP |
Yes |
15 |
30 |
1 |
2 |
2.381 |
1 |
>0.05 |
NS |
|
No |
35 |
70 |
|
|
|||||
|
Source of knowledge about MTP |
Family member |
3 |
20 |
0 |
0 |
1.333 |
4 |
>0.05 |
NS |
|
Friends |
3 |
20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Electronic media |
2 |
13.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Print media |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Health personnel |
7 |
46.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Table shows the association of level of pre-test knowledge with selected demographic variables. It is evident from the above table that there is no significant association with the variable like age, religion, education, occupation, type of family, number of children, previous knowledge and source of information.
DISCUSSION:
The present study found that the pre test knowledge level among 50 respondents in that maximum had inadequate knowledge 49(98%), the rest 1(2%) were moderate and none had adequate knowledge. Similarly a study on knowledge regarding reproductive health among urban adolescent girls in Haryana showed that 313(39.7%) knew that MTP can be performed at government and private hospitals but none of them knew about the indications, criterion for the place where legal abortion can be performed, and person who can carry out legal abortion. The study concluded that there should be increased knowledge regarding recommendation and indication for medical termination of pregnancy.7
The above table revealed that majority 40(80%) of them had adequate, the rest 10(20%) were moderate and none were inadequate knowledge. A similar study on knowledge and attitudes about MTP legislation in Lative. Among 371 abortion clients, most of them knew that MTP is legal either under any circumstances. Almost half of them were aware of MTP. The study concluded that efforts should be undertaken to inform about the safety and efficiency of the methods.8
The association of level of pre-test knowledge with selected demographic variables. It is evident from the above table that there is no significant association with the variable like age, religion, education, occupation, type of family, number of children, previous knowledge and source of information. A similar study on MTP at Guru Govind Singh Hospital, Jamnagar depicted that MTP can be prevented by providing adequate knowledge on contraception and it is directly related to the age and background of the clients.6
CONCLUSION:
Majority of women had optimal knowledge. There is a need to educate and motivate couples to improve family planning services. There is a great need to strengthen the awareness, education and communication regarding various family planning methods in women of reproductive age group. Efforts should be made to promote information, education and communication regarding emergency contraception targeted to all women of reproductive age
Group. It is important that unwanted pregnancy be prevented through effective contraceptive practice rather than abortion.4
REFERENCES:
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3. Five paragraph essay on abortion[online]. [cited 2012nov4]; available fromhttp://www.evolutionwriters.com/samples_and_examples/five_paragraph_essay_on_abortion.html#ixzz2gkpx2v6x
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6. Arulmozhi, Nalini, Vimala. “Effectiveness of Structure Teaching Programme On Knowledge Attitude Regadding MTP”. Nightingale Nursing times. 2008, December: 17- 18.
7. Harvey S.M, Beckman L.J, Roberts branch M. The relationship of contextual factors to women's perceptions of medical abortion, Health care women Int, 2002 Sep; 23(6-7): 654-655.
8. J Clin Nurs, Faculty of Health, Sports and Science. A review of developments in medical termination of pregnancy,2008 Jun;17(11):1411-8.
Received on 22.10.2019 Modified on 16.11.2019
Accepted on 06.12.2019 ©A&V Publications All right reserved
Int. J. of Advances in Nur. Management. 2020; 8(1):19-22.
DOI: 10.5958/2454-2652.2020.00006.2